RJA #13b: Presentation Plan

For my presentation I plan on using Power Point to convince my audience that Oxytocin is indeed a fundamental element crucial to a successful reproductive cycle. My presentation outline will be similar to the order of my argumentative paper, but instead of providing many case studies and a lot of information, I will provide only the significant information which proves the role of Oxytocin. I will start with what Oxytocin exactly does in the human system, and a little history on the hormone. Then leading into how oxytocin levels may create problems in bonding and social/mental structure. Following with my strongest argument which goes into how parents cannot care for their young without this hormone. Objections and contradictions will be next with refutations. My concluding slides will provide an overall grasp on why oxytocin is "needed" for successful reproduction.

RJA #13a: APA-Style Annotated Bibliography, Part 2

Barker, S. E. (2009). The Cuddle Hormone. In Oxytocin.org. Retrieved October 27, 2011

•   This resource goes thoroughly through the positives and negatives effects involved with using synthetic Oxytocin to quicken labor on both the mother and the child. Over 75 percent of women who go through labor in the United States use the aid of Oxytocin "quick birth" in Greek, to fasten the process of labor and to help with uterine contractions. Although this may seem like a perfectly safe opportunity, researchers are now developing new curiosities about whether this may have long term effects on the human beings well being. Possibility of pathological conditions - that is if there is too much oxytocin, it may provide inappropriate pair bonding such as pedophilia. Vice versa, if the person lacks oxytocin, then he/she may have suffered from mental and physical neglect during their youth which can genetically transfer to their children in the same respect. This resource provides credible and scholarly information cited in an organized and updated fashion.

Fisher, H. (2004). Why We Love: The Nature and Chemistry of Romantic Love (pp. 91,198).

            New York: Henry Holt and Company.

•  Under some circumstances testosterone can trigger the release of Oxytocin in animals, increasing attachment behaviors such as mutual grooming, defending of the nest, and scent marking. But the reverse is also possible where Oxytocin starts the production of testosterone in animals. The chemistry of attachment can trigger lust and the chemistry of lust can trigger expressions of attachment. Under some circumstances, dopamine and norepinephrine can stimulate the production of oxytocin -- contributing to ones growing feelings of attachment. This book is well written in an unbiased perspective with very frequent citations. Helen Fisher has written and published many books revolving around the mysteries of love, bonding, and attachment behavior between species including humans.

Szalavitz, M. (2008, May 14). "Cuddle Hormone" Could Treat Mental Illnesses [Electronic version]. The New Scientist.

•  This resource written by Maia Szalavitz provides useful information linking Oxytocin to playing central roles in romance, love, attachment, and maternal responsibilities. Explains and goes over many case studies including rats, sheep, prairie voles, and humans. Oxytocin deprivation proves to cause a mother to lose interest in its young and oxytocin increases in female rats have shown amazing results of the non-maternal rat taking care and showing defensive traits towards another rats young. It is the glue of society, so simple yet so profound. This source shows the connections between pair bonding and attachment between mates as well as mothers and their young. Well cited paper, with little bias but mostly hard facts, was published in the New Scientist magazine in 2008. This article will provide very important bits of information contributing/advocating my argument.

Walton, J. (2009). Oxytocin. In World of Molecules. Retrieved October 27, 2011

•  This webpage document includes information about the basics of Oxytocins roles' as well as some history about the estimated age of the gene which derives from about 500 million years ago and is found in cyclostomes (modern members of the Agnatha). Links autistic children with oxytocin and shows deficiencies of oxytocin in their blood plasma, relating mental/social disorders with oxytocin levels. Discusses the effects of oxytocin on male rats as well as prairie voles, shows how oxytocin increases memory storage. This source also goes into Pitocin the synthetic version of Oxytocin and its uses in the labor room. Document is updated with credible references and has some pretty useful information as well as my first visual aid.

RJA #12c: Visual Aids

I plan on using a few figures in my argumentative paper first I will definitely include the picture of the molecular composition of the compound Oxytocin. I will use a bar graph to show my results for the surveys I have posted on surveymonkey.com as well as a collaboration of the interview results. I also plan on providing results from case studies in a table format to provide levels of oxytocin in the patients involved in the case study. I will also provide a image showing how oxytocin's greatest feat works (the transition of milk from the mammary gland to the nipple surface).

RJA #12a: Conversion from MLA to APA Style

Post, B. (2011, March 23). Natural Oxytocin, Anxiety and Depression. In Oxytocin Central. Retrieved October 21, 2011, from http://oxytocincentral.com/2011/03/natural-oxytocin-anxiety-depression

Robinson, M. (2005, June 23). The Big O' Isn't Orgasm. In Reuniting. Retrieved November 11, 2011, from http://www.reuniting.info/science/oxytocin_health_bonding

King, G. J. (1993). Reproduction in Domesticated Animals (6th ed., Vol. 9, pp. 144-150). N.p.: Elsevier Health Sciences.

RJA #11: Argument

The role of the hormone “Oxytocin” is the key factor which allows the human breed to bond and connect providing security for the rest of the family and their future offspring.

• Oxytocin allows for the mammary gland to direct the milk towards the nipple's surface, allowing for the offspring to stay nourished.
•  Walton, John “Oxytocin.” World of Molecules. 2006. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <www.worldofmolecules.com/emotions/oxytocin.htm>
• Oxytocin induces the sensation of love, creating security and trust between partners. This creates a bond which grows and later leads to sexual intercourse.
•  Post, Bryan. "Natural Oxytocin, Anxiety and Depression." Oxytocin Central. Oxytocin Central, 23 Mar 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2011. <http://oxytocincentral.com/2011/03/natural-oxytocin-anxiety-depression/>.
• Bonding between mother and kin is greatly dependent on the amount of oxytocin the child and the mother share in the first few minutes of life. Without, mother loses maternal instincts and denies child.
•  Post, Bryan. "Natural Oxytocin, Anxiety and Depression." Oxytocin Central. Oxytocin Central, 23 Mar 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2011. <http://oxytocincentral.com/2011/03/natural-oxytocin-anxiety-depression/>.
• Deprivation of oxytocin is thought of to be the main reason behind abnormal social behavior and some diseases such as autism, without OXT we would be unable to structure our world and the environment around us.
•  King, Gordon J. Reproduction in Domesticated Animals. 6. 9. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1993. 279. Print.
• Oxytocin is the basis of bonding, and creates the bond between mother, father and newborn child which triggers a protective/supportive instinct in the parents towards the child.
• King, Gordon J. Reproduction in Domesticated Animals. 6. 9. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1993. 280. Print.
   
   Deprivation of OXT does not affect the maternal instincts.
  •  Broderick, T. "What Factors Infulence Oxytocin?." WiseGeek. Ed. Heather Bailey. N.p., 13 July 2011. Web. 4 Nov. 2011. <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-factors-influence-oxytocin-release.htm>.
    
  • Oxytocin is not the only fundamental ingredient in reproduction, but is one of the biggest.
  •  Watts, Hailey. "Oxytocin." You and Your Hormones. N.p., 13 July 2011. Web. 4 Nov. 2011. <http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/oxytocin.aspx>.
  • There are not enough definitive explanations to prove a point.
  •  King, Gordon J. Reproduction in Domesticated Animals. 6. 9. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1993. 281. Print.

   

RJA #10c: Objections

• Deprivation of OXT does not affect the maternal instincts.
•  Broderick, T. "What Factors Infulence Oxytocin?." WiseGeek. Ed. Heather Bailey. N.p., 13 July 2011. Web. 4 Nov. 2011. <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-factors-influence-oxytocin-release.htm>.
  
• Oxytocin is not the only fundamental ingredient in reproduction, but is one of the biggest.
•  Watts, Hailey. "Oxytocin." You and Your Hormones. N.p., 13 July 2011. Web. 4 Nov. 2011. <http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/oxytocin.aspx>.
• There are not enough definitive explanations to prove a point.
•  King, Gordon J. Reproduction in Domesticated Animals. 6. 9. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1993. 281. Print.

RJA #10b: Reasons

• Oxytocin allows for the mammary gland to direct the milk towards the nipple's surface, allowing for the offspring to stay nourished.
•  Walton, John “Oxytocin.” World of Molecules. 2006. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <www.worldofmolecules.com/emotions/oxytocin.htm>
• Oxytocin induces the sensation of love, creating security and trust between partners. This creates a bond which grows and later leads to sexual intercourse.
•  Post, Bryan. "Natural Oxytocin, Anxiety and Depression." Oxytocin Central. Oxytocin Central, 23 Mar 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2011. <http://oxytocincentral.com/2011/03/natural-oxytocin-anxiety-depression/>.
• Bonding between mother and kin is greatly dependent on the amount of oxytocin the child and the mother share in the first few minutes of life. Without, mother loses maternal instincts and denies child.
•  Post, Bryan. "Natural Oxytocin, Anxiety and Depression." Oxytocin Central. Oxytocin Central, 23 Mar 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2011. <http://oxytocincentral.com/2011/03/natural-oxytocin-anxiety-depression/>.
• Deprivation of oxytocin is thought of to be the main reason behind abnormal social behavior and some diseases such as autism, without OXT we would be unable to structure our world and the environment around us.
•  King, Gordon J. Reproduction in Domesticated Animals. 6. 9. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1993. 279. Print.
• Oxytocin is the basis of bonding, and creates the bond between mother, father and newborn child which triggers a protective/supportive instinct in the parents towards the child.
• King, Gordon J. Reproduction in Domesticated Animals. 6. 9. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1993. 280. Print.